African Studies Virtual Forum 2021–22 AT UNIZULU
The University of Zululand will be a hosting a webinar series that is championed by the Vice Chancellor’s office on Wednesday; 27 July 2022 titled: The African Studies Global virtual forum, an experiment in form and substance the webinar will be presented in a hybrid format
The African Studies Virtual Forum 2021–22,which is led by Prof. Sinfree Makoni, seeks to decenter hegemonic epistemologies and to decolonize the Western canon to facilitate other ways/waves of knowing. Through a series of online conversations, participants in the forum will challenge the notion of the “universal truth” and discuss how the only truth that is universal is the truth of complexity. To decolonize knowledge, epistemic perspectives need to be pluralistic in ontologies, cosmologies, and insights, and the emergence of Epistemologies of the South is one such response to the decolonial turn. Joining us from around the world, our speakers will discuss the multiple approaches taken in the humanities and social science scholarship to decolonize knowledges by paying attention to complexities, heterogeneities, and multiple ontologies.
The Lecture series will be presented by Professor Makoni who is a Professor of Applied Linguistics and African Studies at The Pennsylvania State University (PSU). He is originally from South Africa, he did his undergraduate work in Ghana and received his Ph.D. in Applied Linguistics from the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1989. Prior to PSU, he also held academic positions in South Africa, including Chair of Linguistics at the University of The Western Cape and Associate Professor of language and literature at the University of Cape Town; and he is former President of the Southern African Applied Linguistics Association.
Prof. Makoni’s research spans a number of areas, including the socio-historical construction of colonial linguistics and postcolonial urban languages, anthropological approaches to health and aging in multilingual communities, police communication, discourses of militarization and terrorism, and the sociolinguistics of Arabic. Dr. Makoni’s many books include the co-edited collections Black Scholars on Black Languages: Problems and Possibilities(Routledge, 2002) and Disinventingand Reconstituting Languages(Multilingual Matters, 2007). His work has appeared in the pages of a wide variety of journals, such as Current Issues in Language Planning, Language Policy, Language in Society, Journal of Politeness Research, Journal of Multilingual and MulticulturalDevelopment, Language and Communication, Applied Linguistics Review, Journal of Language, Identity, and Education, or Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology. His work covers a diversity of geographies as well, such as Angola, Zimbabwe, Sudan, South Africa, Ghana, Kenya, or Brazil. His latest book is a monograph titled Innovations and Challenges in Applied Linguistics from the Global South,co-authored with Alastair Pennycook.
Compiled by: Gcina Nhleko (APR)
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The crypto market has recovered a lot of the losses sustained in 2022, with BTC rising by over 80% YTD and many altcoins performing even better. This led to questions and analysis within the community about whether the bear market is over and the industry is preparing for yet another bull cycle.
Moreover, the BTC halving is scheduled to take place in less than a year, which is typically regarded as a catalyst for upcoming price increases. However, the recent developments from the US Securities and Exchange Commission could suggest that the agency might also have a role in a potential bull market.
[b]The SEC Impact[/b]
Being among the most powerful regulators within the world’s largest economy, the SEC’s actions frequently have a direct impact on a relatively small market like crypto. As such, when the Commission decided to go after Ripple in late 2020, as well as Coinbase and Binance, a few months ago, it harmed most digital assets’ prices almost immediately.
While this doesn’t sound all that surprising that the SEC’s lawsuits could hurt projects and companies, there’s also the opposite angle. We saw it earlier this week when Judge Analisa Torres, presiding over the agency’s case against Ripple, ruled in favor of the blockchain project, indicating that almost all XRP sales did not constitute security transactions, something that the SEC has been trying to prove for years.
The judge’s decision had an immediate and massive impact not only on XRP’s price but many other altcoins, which the SEC alleged to be unregistered securities.
Consequently, it’s safe to assume that the entire market could further surge should the agency lose its ongoing battles with the likes of Coinbase and Binance – two of the industry’s most prominent players.
[b]Spot Bitcoin ETF[/b]
The other aspect on which the SEC’s actions have a direct impact is whether the US will (ever) have a spot Bitcoin exchange-traded fund. The regulator has rejected countless applications in the past decade from companies such as Grayscale, Ark Invest, Fidelity, WisdomTree, VanEck, and many others.
With the agency’s growing attacks against the industry with its latest series of lawsuits, many believed that such a product will not see the light of day, at least not any time soon.
However, the tides changed in mid-June when BlackRock, the world’s largest asset manager and arguably the most influential financial giant, filed to release a spot Bitcoin ETF – a move mimicked by several other companies. BlackRock has a mindblowing success rate when it comes down to ETF applications, with the SEC of 575 to just 1.
Its filing for a spot BTC ETF had a profound effect on the cryptocurrency’s price, which soared past $30,000 for the first time in months after being stuck at around $26,000 – $27,000 for weeks.
The SEC first dismissed all recent applications, deeming them “inadequate,” which triggered immediate price declines as well. However, BlackRock, as well as the rest of the ETF seekers, amended the filings. Moreover, the agency recently accepted BlackRock’s application, thus commencing the official review process.
Although that could that a long time, a potential approval of a spot Bitcoin ETF in the States could also have a colossal and immediate effect on the entire market. After all, BTC did chart its current ATH of $69,000 amid the approval of the first futures BTC ETF in the US back in late 2021.
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